Georgia is considered by many to be the birthplace of wine, and its history can be traced back over 8000 years when the people of the South Caucasus discovered that if wild grape juice was buried in a pit over winter, it turned into wine. This led to Georgians cultivating grapes and burying clay vessels, or kveris, to create wine – sometimes for as long as 50 years for a true vintage. Archaeologists have found these kveris in a huge variety of different shapes, sizes and styles, often with a highly skilled level of craftmanship, highlighting how much wine was revered by ancient Georgians. Kveris are not just a piece of Georgian wine history, they are still used in Georgian wine production today (see below) and this process has been given heritage protection status by UNESCO.
Traditionally, Georgian wines carry the name of the source region, district, or village, much like French regional wines such as Bordeaux or Burgundy. As with these French wines, Georgian wines are usually a blend of two or more grapes. Georgian wines are classified as sweet, semi-sweet, semi-dry, dry, fortified and sparkling. The semi-sweet varieties are the most popular.
Georgian wine exports totaled 86.2 million bottles in 2018, 17% more compared to 2017. The figure is the highest in almost 30 years, showing a promising future for Georgian wines in 2019.
Georgian wine was exported to 53 countries around the world in 2018. Figures from the Georgian National Wine Agency reveal that Russia remains the top destination for wines, with a total of 53,682,627 bottles. Ukraine (10,687,835 bottles) takes second place, followed by China (6,951,019 bottles), Kazakhstan (3,599,143 bottles), and Poland (3,508,122 bottles).
Export to some countries increased massively. Switzerland imported 378% more Georgian wine compared to in 2017, with 25,350 bottles, whilst South Korea increased by 275% (68,128 bottles). Wine exports amounted to $184.1 million in 2018, 19% more than in 2017
Georgia exported 12.1 million bottles of wine to 39 countries in January-February 2020, which is identical to last year’s data, says the Georgian National Wine Agency.
By selling wine abroad Georgia generated $31 million in the first two months of 2020. Revenues increased by seven per cent compared to the same period of 2019.
The top five countries that imported Georgian wine in January-February 2020 were:
Russia – 7,585,000 bottles (-13%)
Ukraine – 1,314,750 bottles (+35%)
Poland – 1,110,384 bottles (+77%)
China – 562.664 bottles (-6%)
Kazakhstan – 274.068 bottles (-21%)
The statistics show that the export of Georgian wine to China decreased by 6% because of Covid-19.
GEORGIA IS AMONG THE TOP 20 WINE EXPORTING COUNTRIES GLOBALLY
In general, we can say that Georgia is one of the most beloved wine countries in the world, even Dionysus loved Georgian wine in ancient times.
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